Shijiazhuang Chengke Environmental Protection Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

Working Principle
The hardness of water is mainly composed of cationic calcium (+) and magnesium (+) ions. When raw water containing hardness passes through the resin layer of the exchanger, the calcium and magnesium ions in the water are adsorbed by the resin, and sodium ions are released at the same time. In this way, the water flowing out of the exchanger is softened water with the hardness ions removed. When the resin adsorbs calcium, magnesium ions, After the magnesium ions reach a certain degree of saturation, the hardness of the outlet water increases. At this time, the water softener will automatically regenerate the failed resin according to a predetermined program, using a higher concentration of sodium chloride solution (salt water) to pass through the resin, so that the failed resin can be regenerated. The resin returns to its sodium form.
Function introduction
The applicable fields of softened water include bathrooms, kitchens, laundry, heating, boilers, central air-conditioning equipment water supply and other fields.
Soft water has the following functions
Prevent water pipes, water heaters, coffee machines, humidifiers, steam irons, bathtubs, shower heads, toilets and other household appliances from accumulating scale, frequent blockage, and low thermal efficiency.
Make coffee and tea with unique taste and pure taste. Grow flowers to extend the flowering period, with no spots on the green leaves and gorgeous flowers. Fish farming to prevent various fish diseases. Soft water cooks rice plump, fluffy, and tastes good. It is crystal clear and has no stains or spots.
The shelf life of tofu is extended, the soy milk is more fragrant, and the bean sprouts do not need growth hormone and grow strong. Wash vegetables to remove pesticides and extend the shelf life of vegetables. Cooking rice shortens the time, the rice grains will be soft and smooth, and the pasta will not swell easily. Cook to maintain the natural taste and nutrients of vegetables.
Effectively inhibits fungi, promotes wound healing, and reduces the incidence of constipation, gastrointestinal and stone diseases. When accidents such as skin trauma, frostbite, and burns occur, first wash the affected area with soft water, then soak absorbent cotton, gauze, towel, etc. with soft water, and gently rub the affected area, which can quickly heal the wound and make the edema caused by the burn disappear immediately. This is because soft water promotes cell tissue regeneration. It can effectively inhibit fungi and promote the regeneration of cell tissues. When accidents such as skin trauma, frostbite, and burns occur, washing with soft water can quickly heal the wound.
Laundry, prevent static electricity, discoloration, deformation, clean tableware, clean without water stains, improve the gloss of the utensils. Clean kitchen and bathroom, powerful decontamination and odor removal. Has strong decontamination power. Soft water washes clothing fibers without becoming hard or brittle, saving washing supplies.
Soft water fundamentally eliminates water-alkali, enables safe operation of equipment, saves expenditures, reduces water equipment and water pipeline maintenance costs by more than %, reduces hot water fuel costs by more than %, and reduces detergent purchase costs by more than %.
Related concepts
Raw water refers to water that has not been treated. In a broad sense, the water before entering the water treatment process is also called the raw water of the water treatment process. For example, the water sent from the water source to the clarification tank for treatment is called raw water. (Tap water\river water\groundwater)
Hard water means that there are many minerals dissolved in the water, especially calcium and magnesium. Hard water does not cause direct harm to health, but it can cause a lot of troubles in life, such as scale on water appliances and reduced washing efficiency of soaps and detergents.
(The industry adopts completely different standards. In the industry, water with only hardness is generally called soft water, and water with only hardness is often generally called hard water. Water with hardness is also often called high hard water)
Some calcium Water with a high magnesium ion content does not see scale formation. This is because these calcium and magnesium ions exist in the form of chloride salts. They are soluble, so they cannot precipitate out when heated.
The hardness of water has a great impact on daily life. For example, when the hardness of the water is high, there will be no bubbles when washing clothes. When traveling in a different place, symptoms of acclimatization may occur due to the hardness of drinking water. Scale in the kettle will reduce the thermal conductivity of the kettle. Scale in industrial boilers may cause explosion accidents. Therefore, the hardness of both domestic and industrial water should be properly controlled. Frequent drinking of soft water (purified water) is prone to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and frequent drinking of hard water (mineral water) is prone to kidney stones.
Distinguishing soft water and hard water Generally speaking, soft water and hard water that we often mention in our daily life refer to the content of magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate in the water, expressed in milligrams of magnesium carbonate/kg of water or, which is called water. hardness.
If the water hardness is too high, it will not taste good when you drink it. It is also easy to produce white sediment-like scale in the water. Scale will adhere to the heating container or heater. Over time, it will prolong the heating time of the container and increase the size of the water. Energy consumption. If scale enters the human body, it will also have an impact on human health because scale cannot be absorbed.
So what is the appropriate hardness of water? There is no officially recommended value put forward by government agencies or societies. Our country’s inspection standards are as follows.
People generally divide the hardness of water into four levels
.Soft water
.Slightly hard water
.Hard water
.Extremely hard water and above
In the face of increasing pollution In a serious industrial society, the problem of water is no longer just about hardness or the amount of total dissolved solids. The pollutants we know in water include organic matter, microorganisms, bacteria, chlorine, etc. There are many types of filters on the market. These filters can help everyone remove pollutants from water. However, due to different methods of treating water quality, the removal capabilities are also different.
Known treatment methods for treating drinking water include activated carbon filtration, ozone sterilization, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, distillation, boiling, etc. However, these methods only play a simple sterilization role, and some can remove suspended solids, microorganisms and bacteria. Some can remove organic matter, odor, and potassium trichloride. Among them, the more advanced and practical water treatment technology is reverse osmosis water treatment technology. Reverse osmosis water treatment technology can also be directly connected to offices, homes, and schools.
High-quality water purification methods can improve the quality of life, promote health, remove pollutants in the water that have an impact on health, and soften the hardness of the water, which is the goal of purifying water.
Soft water is natural water that contains only a small amount of soluble magnesium salts and calcium salts. It can also be said to be hard water that has been softened. Natural soft water generally refers to river water, river water, lake (freshwater lake) water, etc. The content of magnesium salts and calcium salts in softened hard water is reduced to .~mg/L of softened water. Although boiling can temporarily turn hard water into soft water, in the face of large industrial water demands, this method is neither economical nor realistic. Then for industrial water,
① ion exchange method can be used. Although zeolites and ion exchangers are insoluble in water, the sodium ions and hydrogen ions in them can exchange reactions with calcium and magnesium ions in hard water, causing the calcium and magnesium ions to be adsorbed by zeolites, artificial zeolites, and ion exchangers and removed. . Zeolites and ion exchangers that have expired after long-term use can be reused through regeneration, so this method is an economical and advanced water softening method.
② Lime soda method
First measure the hardness of water, then add a certain amount of calcium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, and the calcium and magnesium ions in the hard water will precipitate out
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③Phosphate water softening method. For boiler water, sodium phosphite can be added as a water softener. It forms a complex with calcium and magnesium ions. When the water is boiled, calcium and magnesium will not precipitate out in the form of precipitates, thus preventing the formation of scale. This method is not suitable for softening drinking water.
Principle of softening
Resin separation water softening technology is based on the sodium ion exchange softening method of water. When the raw water passes through the sodium ion exchanger, the + and + in the water are replaced by the + in the exchanger, making it easy to condense. The calcium and magnesium compounds of scale are converted into easily soluble sodium compounds that do not form scale, thereby softening the water. The fully automatic sodium ion exchanger is mainly composed of a multi-way control valve, a controller, a resin tank (with a water distributor inside), and a salt box. The multi-way control valve is a valve with multiple channels in the same valve body. The controller is set according to the settings. The program sends instructions to the multi-way valve, and the multi-way valve automatically completes the switching of multiple valves. In this way, the procedures of operation, backwash, regeneration, replacement and forward washing can be realized without setting up a salt liquid pump. The equipment is simple and can be widely used in industrial and civil softening preparations, such as steam boiler water supply, heating and air conditioning, pools and other water systems. Nanocrystal technology, namely (module-assisted crystallization), uses the high energy generated by nanocrystals to pack free calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate ions in the water into nanoscale crystals, thereby preventing free ions from forming scale.
Working Procedure
, Supply untreated water through the resin layer, an exchange reaction occurs, and soft water is produced.
The backwash water enters from the lower part of the resin layer to loosen the resin and remove fine debris.
Brine regeneration uses higher concentration of brine to flow through the resin to restore the failed resin to sodium-type usable resin.
Rinse according to the process of water supply, so that the water passes through the resin to flush away the excess salt solution and regenerate the exchanged calcium and magnesium ions.
Inject water into the salt box to dissolve the salt for the next regeneration.
Water Softening Resin
Strongly acidic color-changing cation exchange resin, mainly used for hard water softening, pure water preparation, household water dispensers, water purifiers, etc. During use, the operation of the resin can be visually observed through the color change of the resin. This product is a green spherical particle that turns into purple spherical particles after failure and can be reused repeatedly.
Physical and chemical performance indicators
Indicator name indicator
Appearance green spherical particles
Factory type sodium type
Moisture content %.
Mass total exchange capacity
Total volume exchange capacity
Wet apparent density
Wet true density
Range particle size %()
Lower limit particle size %(.)
Effective particle size.
Uniform Coefficient
Spherical rate after grinding %
Characteristics
Resin matrix structure styrene/divinylbenzene copolymer
Functional group
Physical form insoluble, amber particles
Ionic form at shipment: sodium ion form
Total exchange capacity. Gram equivalent/liter (sodium form)
Specific gravity. to. (sodium form)
Moisture content to % ( Sodium type)
Packing density g/liter (sodium type)
Particle size uniformity coefficient. Average particle diameter Fine particle content. % Coarse particle content % Maximum reversible expansion rate % strength when sodium type is converted into hydrogen type Acidic discoloration cation exchange resin
Removal of calcium in water softening process
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Removal of magnesium
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